High-pressure rubber hoses are a crucial component of hydraulic systems in pipeline engineering machinery, such as pressure switches, pipe cutters, and hydraulic slurry pumps. During use, they are frequently exposed to high-temperature, high-pressure, high-pollution, and high-dust working environments, leading to leaks, cracks, breaks, and loosening. However, under normal circumstances, without careful analysis of the causes of these failures, simply replacing the high-pressure hose may suffice. The same problems will then recur shortly after the new hose is used. Loose or cracked high-pressure hoses cause hydraulic oil waste, environmental pollution, reduced work efficiency, and even accidents, seriously endangering personal and equipment safety.
High-pressure hoses used in hydraulic slurry pumps are classified as engineering hoses, divided into high-pressure hoses and low-pressure hoses. The structure of a high-pressure hose is generally steel wire braided and wound, typically consisting of four parts: an outer rubber layer, a steel wire reinforcement layer, a middle rubber layer, and an inner rubber layer. The inner rubber layer, which is in direct contact with the hydraulic oil, is generally made of synthetic rubber. The key to the hose’s load-bearing capacity lies in the steel wire reinforcement layer. This layer forms the hose’s skeleton and is usually made of braided and wound steel wire. Multi-layer steel wire is mainly used for high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure braided and wound skeletons; low-pressure hoses are mainly used for low-pressure return oil pipes. The reasons for the ineffectiveness of high-pressure hoses in hydraulic mud pumps are: improper installation and use, unreasonable system design, and substandard manufacturing of the high-pressure hose.